Continuing medical educationCutaneous reactions to chemotherapeutic drugs and targeted therapy for cancer: Part II. Targeted therapy
Section snippets
Signal transduction inhibitors
Key points Tyrosine kinase inhibitors for chronic myeloid leukemia may cause edema, hypopigmentation, and a generalized skin rash Epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors can cause papulopustular rash, paronychia, regulatory hair changes, itching, and dryness syndrome Vismodegib, which targets the hedgehog pathway in basal cell carcinoma, may produce muscle spasms, alopecia, and dysgeusia
Apoptosis-inducing inhibitors
Key point Bortezomib causes different forms of skin rash because of the enhanced release of proinflammatory cytokines
Angiogenesis-inducing inhibitors
Key points Inhibitors of angiogenesis primarily cause localized patches of hand–foot skin reactions, but face, hair, nail, and oral reactions may also occur Sunitinib may cause yellowing of the skin, while sorafenib may cause squamous cell carcinoma or actinic keratosis eruptions
Immunomodulators
Key point Ipilimumab can cause immune-related adverse events, such as dermatitis, pruritus, enterocolitis, and hepatitis
Gene therapy
Key points BRAF inhibitors may cause skin toxicities via the inhibition of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in keratinocytes Preliminary studies combining MEK and BRAF inhibitors show a potential decrease in the incidence of skin toxicity and squamous cell carcinoma
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Funding sources: None.
Dr Roh was a consultant for World Care. Dr Reyes-Habito has no conflicts of interest to declare.