Review ArticlePresentation and Diagnosis of Fournier Gangrene
Section snippets
Anatomy
Understanding the fascial anatomy allows a better understanding of how NSTIs that originate in the urogenital or anogenital region (ie, Fournier gangrene) can spread to the abdomen, chest, and flank. Fournier gangrene spreads across the superficial and deep fascial planes of the urogenital and anogenital region. Infection of the deep tissues results in vascular occlusion, ischemia, and tissue necrosis. The hypoxia will consequently cause infarction of the nerves that initially is painful and
Diagnosis
Necrotizing soft tissue is the most important component of Fournier gangrene. These infections are characterized a high morbidity or mortality; therefore, a high index of suspicion is paramount. Often clinical findings and the patient's medical condition can facilitate accurate diagnosis; however, laboratory tests and radiographic technology can augment the early diagnosis of Fournier gangrene.
Summary
Fournier gangrene is a life-threatening diagnosis that requires early diagnosis to reduce morbidity and mortality. Knowledge of anatomy, risk factors, and etiology can be helpful when these rare cases are suspected. Although clinical diagnosis is the most common method to diagnose Fournier gangrene followed by expeditious surgical debridement, laboratory and radiography services can serve as useful adjuncts.
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Financial Disclosure: The authors declare that they have no relevant financial interests.